2022年8月14日日曜日

Three sections of Title 18 of the United States Code are listed on the warrant (合衆国法典第18編第793条、第1519条、第2071条)

Three sections of Title 18 of the United States Code are listed on the warrant. Section 793 covers the unlawful retention of defense-related information that could harm the United States or aid a foreign adversary. Section 1519 covers destroying or concealing documents to obstruct government investigations or administrative proceedings. Section 2071 covers the unlawful removal of government records. https://people.com/politics/espionage-act-explained-trump-first-president-investigated-potentially-violating-1917-law/ Title 18 of the United States Code https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Title_18_of_the_United_States_Code 18 U.S. Code § 793 - Gathering, transmitting or losing defense information (a)Whoever, for the purpose of obtaining information respecting the national defense with intent or reason to believe that the information is to be used to the injury of the United States, or to the advantage of any foreign nation, goes upon, enters, flies over, or otherwise obtains information concerning any vessel, aircraft, work of defense, navy yard, naval station, submarine base, fueling station, fort, battery, torpedo station, dockyard, canal, railroad, arsenal, camp, factory, mine, telegraph, telephone, wireless, or signal station, building, office, research laboratory or station or other place connected with the national defense owned or constructed, or in progress of construction by the United States or under the control of the United States, or of any of its officers, departments, or agencies, or within the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States, or any place in which any vessel, aircraft, arms, munitions, or other materials or instruments for use in time of war are being made, prepared, repaired, stored, or are the subject of research or development, under any contract or agreement with the United States, or any department or agency thereof, or with any person on behalf of the United States, or otherwise on behalf of the United States, or any prohibited place so designated by the President by proclamation in time of war or in case of national emergency in which anything for the use of the Army, Navy, or Air Force is being prepared or constructed or stored, information as to which prohibited place the President has determined would be prejudicial to the national defense; or (b)Whoever, for the purpose aforesaid, and with like intent or reason to believe, copies, takes, makes, or obtains, or attempts to copy, take, make, or obtain, any sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blueprint, plan, map, model, instrument, appliance, document, writing, or note of anything connected with the national defense; or (c)Whoever, for the purpose aforesaid, receives or obtains or agrees or attempts to receive or obtain from any person, or from any source whatever, any document, writing, code book, signal book, sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blueprint, plan, map, model, instrument, appliance, or note, of anything connected with the national defense, knowing or having reason to believe, at the time he receives or obtains, or agrees or attempts to receive or obtain it, that it has been or will be obtained, taken, made, or disposed of by any person contrary to the provisions of this chapter; or (d)Whoever, lawfully having possession of, access to, control over, or being entrusted with any document, writing, code book, signal book, sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blueprint, plan, map, model, instrument, appliance, or note relating to the national defense, or information relating to the national defense which information the possessor has reason to believe could be used to the injury of the United States or to the advantage of any foreign nation, willfully communicates, delivers, transmits or causes to be communicated, delivered, or transmitted or attempts to communicate, deliver, transmit or cause to be communicated, delivered or transmitted the same to any person not entitled to receive it, or willfully retains the same and fails to deliver it on demand to the officer or employee of the United States entitled to receive it; or (e)Whoever having unauthorized possession of, access to, or control over any document, writing, code book, signal book, sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blueprint, plan, map, model, instrument, appliance, or note relating to the national defense, or information relating to the national defense which information the possessor has reason to believe could be used to the injury of the United States or to the advantage of any foreign nation, willfully communicates, delivers, transmits or causes to be communicated, delivered, or transmitted, or attempts to communicate, deliver, transmit or cause to be communicated, delivered, or transmitted the same to any person not entitled to receive it, or willfully retains the same and fails to deliver it to the officer or employee of the United States entitled to receive it; or (f)Whoever, being entrusted with or having lawful possession or control of any document, writing, code book, signal book, sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blueprint, plan, map, model, instrument, appliance, note, or information, relating to the national defense, (1) through gross negligence permits the same to be removed from its proper place of custody or delivered to anyone in violation of his trust, or to be lost, stolen, abstracted, or destroyed, or (2) having knowledge that the same has been illegally removed from its proper place of custody or delivered to anyone in violation of its trust, or lost, or stolen, abstracted, or destroyed, and fails to make prompt report of such loss, theft, abstraction, or destruction to his superior officer— Shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both. (g)If two or more persons conspire to violate any of the foregoing provisions of this section, and one or more of such persons do any act to effect the object of the conspiracy, each of the parties to such conspiracy shall be subject to the punishment provided for the offense which is the object of such conspiracy. (h) (1)Any person convicted of a violation of this section shall forfeit to the United States, irrespective of any provision of State law, any property constituting, or derived from, any proceeds the person obtained, directly or indirectly, from any foreign government, or any faction or party or military or naval force within a foreign country, whether recognized or unrecognized by the United States, as the result of such violation. For the purposes of this subsection, the term “State” includes a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, and any commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States. (2)The court, in imposing sentence on a defendant for a conviction of a violation of this section, shall order that the defendant forfeit to the United States all property described in paragraph (1) of this subsection. (3)The provisions of subsections (b), (c), and (e) through (p) of section 413 of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 (21 U.S.C. 853(b), (c), and (e)–(p)) shall apply to— (A)property subject to forfeiture under this subsection; (B)any seizure or disposition of such property; and (C)any administrative or judicial proceeding in relation to such property, if not inconsistent with this subsection. (4)Notwithstanding section 524(c) of title 28, there shall be deposited in the Crime Victims Fund in the Treasury all amounts from the forfeiture of property under this subsection remaining after the payment of expenses for forfeiture and sale authorized by law. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/793 18 U.S. Code § 1519 - Destruction, alteration, or falsification of records in Federal investigations and bankruptcy U.S. Code prev | next Whoever knowingly alters, destroys, mutilates, conceals, covers up, falsifies, or makes a false entry in any record, document, or tangible object with the intent to impede, obstruct, or influence the investigation or proper administration of any matter within the jurisdiction of any department or agency of the United States or any case filed under title 11, or in relation to or contemplation of any such matter or case, shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/1519 18 U.S.C. United States Code, 2011 Edition Title 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 101 - RECORDS AND REPORTS Sec. 2071 - Concealment, removal, or mutilation generally From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov §2071. Concealment, removal, or mutilation generally (a) Whoever willfully and unlawfully conceals, removes, mutilates, obliterates, or destroys, or attempts to do so, or, with intent to do so takes and carries away any record, proceeding, map, book, paper, document, or other thing, filed or deposited with any clerk or officer of any court of the United States, or in any public office, or with any judicial or public officer of the United States, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. (b) Whoever, having the custody of any such record, proceeding, map, book, document, paper, or other thing, willfully and unlawfully conceals, removes, mutilates, obliterates, falsifies, or destroys the same, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than three years, or both; and shall forfeit his office and be disqualified from holding any office under the United States. As used in this subsection, the term “office” does not include the office held by any person as a retired officer of the Armed Forces of the United States. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2011-title18/html/USCODE-2011-title18-partI-chap101-sec2071.htm 合衆国法典第18編の第703条、第1519条、第2071条 スパイ防止法グーグル翻訳 (a) 国防に関する情報を取得する目的で、その情報が合衆国を傷つけるため、または外国の利益のために使用されると信じる意図または理由を持って、船舶、航空機、防衛施設、海軍工廠、海軍基地、潜水艦基地、燃料補給所、砦、砲台、魚雷発射場、造船所、運河、鉄道、兵器庫、キャンプ、工場、鉱山、電信局、電話局、無線局、信号局、建物、オフィス、研究所、局、または米国が所有または建設した、または建設中または米国の管理下にある国防に関連するその他の場所、またはその役員、部門、または機関のいずれか、または米国の専属管轄内、または戦争時に使用される船舶、航空機、武器、軍需品、またはその他の材料または機器が置かれている場所g 米国、またはその省庁または機関との契約または合意、または米国を代表する人物との、またはその他の代理人との契約または合意に基づいて、作成、準備、修理、保管、または研究または開発の対象であるアメリカ合衆国の、または戦時中、または陸軍、海軍、または空軍の使用のための何かが準備、構築、または保管されている国家緊急事態の場合に大統領が布告によって指定した禁止された場所、情報大統領が国防に害を及ぼすと判断した禁止場所はどれか。また (b) 前述の目的で、同様の意図または信じる理由で、スケッチ、写真、写真のネガ、青写真をコピー、取得、作成、取得する、またはコピー、取得、作成、取得しようとする者、国防に関連するものの計画、地図、モデル、器具、器具、文書、文書、またはメモ。また (c) 前述の目的のために、文書、文書、コードブック、シグナルブック、スケッチ、写真、写真のネガ、青写真を受け取ったり、取得したり、同意したり、受け取ったり取得しようとしたりする人、または何らかの情報源からのもの国防に関連するものの計画、地図、モデル、器具、装置、またはメモであり、それを受け取った、または取得した、または受け取った、または取得しようとした時点で、それが持っていることを知っているか、または信じる理由がある.本章の規定に反して、いかなる人物によっても取得、取得、作成、または処分された、または今後行われる;また (d) 文書、文書、コードブック、シグナルブック、スケッチ、写真、写真のネガ、青写真、計画、地図、モデル、機器、器具、または国防に関するメモ、または国防に関連する情報であって、所有者が、米国の損害または外国の利益のために使用される可能性があると信じる理由がある情報で、故意に通信、配信、送信、または原因となるもの受信する資格のない人に通信、配信、送信、または通信、配信、送信、または通信、配信、または送信させようとするか、または意図的に同じものを保持し、要求に応じて配信することに失敗します。それを受け取る資格のある米国の役員または従業員。また (e) 文書、文章、コードブック、信号帳、スケッチ、写真、写真のネガ、青写真、計画、地図、モデル、機器、電化製品、またはメモに関連する文書を許可なく所有、アクセス、または管理している者。国防、または国防に関連する情報であって、所有者が、米国の損害または外国の利益のために使用される可能性があると信じる理由がある情報で、故意に通信、配信、送信、または通信、配信される原因となるもの、または送信された、またはそれを受け取る資格のない人に同じものを通信、配信、送信、または通信、配信、または送信させようとするか、または故意に同じものを保持し、その役員または従業員に配信しない米国はそれを受け取る資格があります。また (f) 文書、文書、コードブック、信号帳、スケッチ、写真、写真のネガ、青写真、計画、地図、模型、器具、電化製品、メモ、または情報を委託されているか、合法的に所有または管理している者、国防に関連して、(1)重大な過失により、適切な保管場所からの移動、信頼に反する第三者への引き渡し、または紛失、盗難、没収、または破壊を許す、または (2)同じ物が適切な保管場所から不法に持ち出された、またはその信頼に違反して誰かに届けられた、または紛失、盗難、抽象化、または破壊されたことを知り、そのような紛失、盗難、抽象化の迅速な報告を怠る、または彼の上司への破壊

Syrian Salvation Government

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_Salvation_Government 背景 2017年にSSG(シリア救済政府)が設立される以前、イドリブ県は武装反対派グループ、共同運営の地方評議会、そしてシリア反対派暫定政府(SIG)の名目上の権...